Soybean Seeds, Corn Seeds, Coffee Seeds, Tobacco Seeds
_ Soybean Seeds
Soybean is an annual herbaceous plant that grows as a bush. This plant has many branches and leaves. Soybean is used in various ways. Soybean is divided into three groups: forage, legumes, and oil seeds.
It has many medicinal and therapeutic properties. Soybean has a main root and several secondary roots, the root of this plant penetrates the soil up to 150 centimeters. It has a cylindrical and hairy stem, usually woody at the base.
Eaves are oval and hairy. Soybean leaves consist of three broad leaflets. The leaves are green, close to yellow or dark. Small white or purple flowers present a beautiful view when blooming. Soybean flowers appear at the junction of the secondary branch with the main one.
The flowers are in clusters. Soybean flowers turn into pods and then seeds. There are approximately two to three seeds in each pod. Soybean seeds are oval and come in yellow, green, and brown colors. The plant is harvested when the leaves of the plant are dry and the pods have also turned yellow.
General Characteristics of Soybeans:
It is an annual legume plant of the pea family. Soybeans are the most economically important bean in the world, providing millions of people with plant protein and hundreds of chemical products from raw materials.
Soybeans have more protein than other oil seeds, and their protein is similar to animal protein. The soybean plant grows as a bush and has branched foliage. The height of this plant reaches 50 cm to 2 m, depending on the planting conditions.
Soybeans grow in a variety of soils, but they are very well adapted to rich, well-drained soils. The soybean plant is harvested when its leaves become brown and its pods turn yellow.
How to Plant Soybeans:
Soybeans are easily propagated by seed. In the process of seed cultivation, start by plowing the land and incorporating organic matter and fertilizer. Plant the seeds in rows during the spring, then cover them with a thin layer of soft soil mixed with fertilizer. Water the area to keep the soil moist. It’s important to maintain moisture on the soil’s surface until germination occurs. Eventually, the seeds will germinate, and the plants will emerge from the soil, beginning their growth.
Here are some important details about soybean cultivation:
– **Height**: The height of soybean plants varies based on climatic conditions and other factors, typically ranging between 50 and 150 centimeters.
– **Planting Distance**: Seeds should be spaced 20 to 30 centimeters apart.
– **Planting Depth**: Soybean seeds should be planted at a depth of 3 to 5 centimeters.
– **Suitable Soil for Growth**: Sandy, clay, and loamy soils are ideal for soybean cultivation. The soil must also provide good drainage.
– **Plant Flowering Time**: Soybean plants typically flower in the summer.
Sowing Soybean Seeds:
Soybean seed planting time is in the spring after the spring frosts have passed. Before planting, plow the soil and mix it with organic matter such as compost or rotted animal manure. Sow the soybean seeds directly into the ground. Consider the planting depth of soybean seeds to be 3 to 5 cm. Set the planting distance between soybean seeds to be 20 cm and the distance between rows to be 45 cm.
Moisten the soil after planting and keep the soil moist until germination. Germination of soybean seeds takes 2 to 7 days. Plant soybeans in a sunny place (at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day). You can plant soybean seeds and then move them to the ground, but it’s better to plant them directly. Watering the soybean plant 2 to 3 times a week is sufficient.
To export your seeds from Brazil to Iran, you can contact Atra Atlas International Holding.
_ Corn Seeds
It may also be interesting for you to know that the global corn seed market size was valued at $26.75 billion in 2023 and is expected to increase to $41.57 billion by 2030. Therefore, the corn seed purchase market, whether in the form of forage seeds or edible seeds, will become very important. But a skilled farmer, before purchasing seeds, also pays attention to his consumer market and examines what type of corn the market in his agricultural area needs.
Corn has recently attracted the attention of people working in the livestock and poultry industry due to its special properties. Dairy cows require higher energy intake for greater efficiency. This energy is not obtained solely through fodder. Therefore, using corn in the cows’ diet is more effective in milk production due to its high energy content.
As a livestock and poultry feed, corn has high digestibility and is suitable for feeding livestock and birds. Using this product in any proportion in the diet of livestock and poultry does not cause any problems in terms of digestive problems.
Buying Corn Seeds:
Corn seeds and corn fruits, among the vital products in the field of agriculture, with a glorious history from North America and the Central American region, have spread throughout the world and are known as one of the most important nutritional and industrial sources. This plant is from the Gramineae family with the scientific name Zea mays and has a great diversity in its types and different uses.
What is Corn?
Corn is an annual herbaceous plant of the Poaceae family. This family includes grasses and grasses that include many important crops such as wheat, barley, and rice. Corn is classified in the subfamily Panicoideae.
This plant is known by the scientific name Zea mays L and its other popular names include corn or corn cob. Corn is a plant whose main part is used, its yellow ears that contain edible seeds. These seeds are used as a rich source of carbohydrates, fiber, protein, and vitamins in human and livestock nutrition.
Due to the variety of uses of corn, corn seed is of great economic and nutritional importance and is recognized as one of the key agricultural products worldwide.
Corn Family Classification:
Corn is divided into two main types: sweet corn and grain corn. Each of these types has its characteristics and uses. Sweet corn is mainly used for food, while grain corn is mainly used for the production of animal feed, starch, and corn oil.
Reasons for Planting Corn:
Corn seeds are planted for several reasons, including economic, nutritional, and industrial aspects. Some of these reasons are mentioned below:
Human and livestock nutrition: Corn seeds, or grains, are a major source of carbohydrates, protein, and fiber. Corn grains are used directly in human food and are also used to prepare animal feed.
Energy and bioenergy production: Corn is used as a powerful source of energy, especially in the production of electricity and bioenergy. It may be interesting to know that corn grains burn quickly and release energy.
Food industry: Corn is used in the production of industrial products such as starch, corn oil, corn flour, and other food products. Corn is also used in the production of food products such as starch, corn oil, cookies, corn flour, popcorn, and other food products.
Sustainable Agriculture: Corn is considered a sustainable crop in agriculture due to its characteristics. This crop has been introduced as an important option in sustainable agriculture due to its ability to grow in different climatic and soil conditions.
Plastic Production: Corn is used as a natural source for the production of biodegradable plastics.
Activated Carbon Production: By decomposing corn grains, activated carbon is produced, which is used in the water and air purification process and pharmaceutical industries.
Chemicals: Corn products are used in the production of chemicals such as glycol, methanol, and lactic acid.
In general, the reasons for planting corn seeds indicate the multiple and multifaceted importance of this plant in various economic and nutritional fields. This diversity in the applications of corn seeds has made it one of the key and multipurpose products in the agricultural field.
Corn Cultivation Conditions:
Corn seed cultivation requires specific conditions to achieve optimal yield. Below are the basic conditions for corn seed cultivation:
* Climate: Corn seed is slightly sensitive to low temperatures and yields the highest yield in areas with hot and humid summers. Temperatures of 24 to 32 degrees Celsius are optimal for optimal corn seed growth.
* Soil: The soil should have good structure, ventilation, and drainage. Light-textured clay or sandy soils are better choices for corn seed growth.
* Weather: Corn seed requires plenty of water and should be grown in areas with adequate rainfall or, if necessary, with proper irrigation.
To increase yield, the weather must be favorable during critical periods such as flowering and especially pollination. Freezing and heat disrupt pollination and the seeds do not form completely and regularly.
* Planting method: Corn seeds can be planted directly in the soil or as seedlings. Planting distances and depth also have an important impact on the future yield of the plant. The most appropriate distance between plants is between 25 and 35 cm, depending on the region and the variety selected.
* Pest and disease management: Proper management of pests and diseases at the right time and using effective pesticides can prevent yield reduction.
* Selection of varieties: Selecting appropriate and timely varieties can have a significant impact on increasing productivity. Paying attention to these conditions and paying full attention to the needs of corn seeds at different times of growth is the key to success in planting this vital crop.
The Largest Corn-Producing Countries:
The United States is one of the largest producers of corn in the world. The United States is known as one of the main agricultural sectors in the world, and corn seed is one of its major products.
China: China is also one of the largest corn-producing countries. Agriculture is one of the main industries of the Chinese economy, and corn seed is one of the key agricultural products in this country.
Brazil: Brazil is also one of the largest corn producers in the world. Due to its favorable and extensive climatic conditions for agriculture, this country provides significant production of corn seed.
To export your seeds from Brazil to Iran, you can contact Atra Atlas International Holding.
Argentina: Argentina is also one of the largest corn-producing countries in South America, and the production of agricultural products, including corn seed, constitutes an important part of its economy.
India: India is also one of the largest corn seed-producing countries in the world. Agriculture is a major pillar of India’s economy, with corn being an important crop in its production basket.
Indonesia: Indonesia is an island nation in Southeast Asia that is known as a major producer of corn in the region.
How to Plant Corn Seeds:
If you have never had experience planting corn seeds, it is better to get enough information about how to plant this plant. Then start cultivating this crop.
First, we recommend that you add animal and chemical fertilizers to the soil to prepare it for planting this plant. In the next step, you should soak the seeds for 24 hours before planting them. This will soften the outer skin of the seeds and make germination easier. You will not need to transplant this plant. Therefore, planting it will be easier than other plants.
The seeds of the plant should be placed 2 to 5 cm deep in the soil. Also pay attention to the distance between the plants. The plants should be 30 to 40 cm apart. Also, adjust the distance between each row to 80 to 100 cm. After planting the forage corn seeds, you should keep the soil moist. If the seeds are well watered, they will germinate after 3 to 5 days. After 3 months, your crops will be ready for harvest. Here are some important factors in maintaining this plant.
Irrigation: This plant should be watered twice a week and in the form of flooding.
Temperature: This plant is thermophilic and, on the contrary, does not tolerate frost. For this reason, the best temperature for planting it is considered to be between 16 and 24 degrees Celsius. Of course, it can also tolerate temperatures up to 34 degrees Celsius.
Soil: This plant grows in different soils, but sandy and light soil is more suitable for its growth. If the soil pH is between 5.5 and 7.5, you have provided the best substrate for corn growth.
Fertilizer: If your soil is light, use Crystal on 10-10-10 fertilizer. In strong soils, we also recommend fertilizers with a high phosphorus content.
The Right Time to Plant Forage Corn Seeds:
Planting time is one of the most important issues that you should pay attention to. In cold regions, late spring is the best time to plant this plant. While in southern and warm regions, early spring is the right time to plant. By considering the best time to plant each plant, you will see the desired result.
To export your seeds from Brazil to Iran, you can contact Atra Atlas International Holding.
_ Coffee Seeds
Why are Brazilian Green Coffee Beans Popular?
Brazil is also home to many different types of coffee. In general, the variety of coffee in Brazil is very high. The best coffee grown in Brazil is coffee that has low acidity. The low acidity of the coffee bean makes it taste sweeter and milder. Like the green bean of Brazilian Arabica coffee, it can be said to have a sweet, nutty taste.
The variety of coffee in Brazil has led to the use of different methods for processing coffee. Among the processing methods for Brazilian coffee are dry processing, semi-wet processing, and wet processing. Each of these processing methods has its characteristics and, in general, does not affect the taste of the final coffee.
Buy Green Coffee Beans
Green coffee bean refers to the largest phase of coffee production, which is the green coffee beans inside after the coffee fruit is harvested. At this stage, the skin and fruit surrounding the coffee bean are destroyed, leaving only the green bean. Green coffee beans initially have high moisture content and must be dried properly to be used as rare coffee.
After the green coffee bean is dried, it can be used for processing and making coffee. Green coffee bean processing includes dry processing and wet processing. In dry processing, the beans are dried and sold commercially in a raw state. In wet processing, the skin of the beans is removed from them and the beans are prepared as green coffee suitable for roasting and making black coffee or other types of coffee.
Green coffee beans play an important role in the taste and quality of coffee. Factors such as the source of green coffee beans, the type of coffee variety, the growing and processing conditions, as well as the method of roasting the coffee will have a great impact on the final taste and flavor of the coffee.
Green coffee beans may vary in terms of origin, type of coffee variety, and other characteristics. Below are some of the most popular types of green coffee beans.
1- Arabica: Arabica is one of the most popular and widely grown coffee beans. Arabica is known for its high quality, mild flavor, and diverse aroma.
2- Robusta: Robusta is another popular coffee bean, whose green beans tend to have a higher caffeine content and a more bitter taste. This variety is often used to make stronger coffees and blends using Arabica.
3- Liberica: Liberica is a lesser-known coffee variety that is grown mainly in areas such as the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Liberica is a distinctive coffee bean that may have a distinct, warm flavor.
4- Excelsa Green Coffee Beans: Excelsa is another type of coffee that is often considered a subspecies of the Liberica variety. Excelsa green coffee beans tend to have a distinct flavor, such as sourness and a bitter, warm aroma.
Other examples of green coffee bean varieties include:
5- Maragogipe Green Coffee Beans: This type of coffee is known as an unusual variation of the Arabica green coffee bean. Maragogipe green coffee beans are much larger than average and have a unique and distinct flavor.
6- Catucaí Green Coffee Beans: This type of coffee is commonly grown in Brazil. Catucaí green coffee beans are known as an affordable and quality option for coffee production.
7- Bourbon Green Coffee Beans: Bourbon is a type of Arabica coffee grown on the islands of Mauritius and Reunion. Bourbon green coffee beans are known for their sweet taste, balanced acidity, and pleasant aroma.
8- Geisha Green Coffee Beans: Geisha is a very popular and high-quality coffee variety produced in some countries such as Panama, Colombia, and Costa Rica. Geisha green coffee beans usually have a delicate flavor and a very special aroma.
9- Australian Green Coffee Beans: Coffee produced in Australia has special characteristics that are due to the climate and soil conditions of Australia. Australian green coffee beans are mainly offered as specialty and sugarcane products in the coffee market…
These are just a few examples of the types of green coffee beans that are well-known in the coffee world. However, there are still other types of green coffee beans that may be used in specific regions or smaller productions. Also, based on genetic composition, growing process, weather conditions, and different processing methods, different types of green coffee beans can be produced.
However, each type of green coffee bean has its unique properties and flavor that make for different coffees. Also, the way the green coffee bean is prepared can affect the final flavor and quality of the coffee.
Important Points When Buying Green Coffee Beans
When you are planning to buy green coffee beans, you can pay attention to the following:
1- Origin: Information about the origin of green coffee beans can help you identify their quality and characteristics. Some popular regions for coffee production include Brazil, Colombia, Ethiopia, Costa Rica, and Panama.
2- Variety: If you are interested in a specific taste and characteristics, you can choose the type of coffee variety. Some popular varieties include Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica. Each variety has different characteristics, including the taste, acidity, and strength of the coffee.
Coffee Plant Seeds:
Coffee is an evergreen tree that grows in tropical regions and its height is between 3 and 10 meters. The leaves of this tree are oval, pointed, elongated, and green. The flowers of this plant appear in clusters on the side of the leaves and are white.
The fruit of this plant is spherical and egg-shaped and dark red or dark brown. And this plant is smaller than a hazelnut and its skin is thinner than a hazelnut. The fruits hang from the tree in clusters, and it takes 6 to 9 months for the fruit to change from green to red and then to purple.
Coffee usually begins to bloom 3 or 4 years after planting, with the first useful harvest after planting coffee 5 years later. About half a kilo of coffee is harvested from each coffee tree. Coffee can be planted in areas where the temperature in winter is 1 to 12 degrees Celsius.
In colder areas, the coffee plant can be kept indoors. By planting coffee at home, you can enjoy the beauty of this evergreen plant as a houseplant in a temperate climate, and if you provide good growing conditions, you can harvest coffee beans after 4 to 5 years.
How to Plant Coffee Seeds:
Before planting, soak the seeds in lukewarm water for 24 hours. After 24 hours, a small white bump will usually appear on the seed. Fill a 6-inch (15 cm) deep and wide container or pot with vermiculite or sand and plant each coffee seed in the center of the pot 1 to 2 inches (1.5 to 2.0 cm) deep, covering the top of the seed with a thin layer of vermiculite.
Place the pot in a location that receives at least six hours of indirect sunlight per day. The ideal temperature for coffee seed germination is 75 degrees Fahrenheit (24 degrees Celsius) day and night. To maintain humidity and greenhouse conditions until germination, cover the pot with clear plastic and poke a few holes in the surface for better ventilation. Coffee seed germination usually takes two months. Remove the plastic after germination.
When the plant is 15 cm tall, transplant it into a 20-litre pot containing potting soil or, in subtropical areas, plant it directly in the ground. Dig a hole 18 cm wide and as deep as the root ball in the soil, place the plant in the center of the hole and backfill with soil.
The coffee plant should be planted in well-drained soil and in a place that receives at least six hours of indirect sunlight a day. Space the plants 2 meters apart and the rows 4 meters apart. The best time to plant the coffee plant in the ground is from late autumn to mid-winter. If you are planting the coffee plant in a pot, place it in a place that receives six hours of indirect sunlight a day, otherwise use grow lights. Coffee requires regular watering and misting, and as the plant gets larger, it is best to let the soil surface of the pot dry out between watering.
To export your seeds from Brazil to Iran, you can contact Atra Atlas International Holding.
_Tobacco Seeds
Introduction to the Tobacco Plant Nicotine Tabacum:
Tobacco, which some call tobacco, is an annual plant with a strong odor from all parts of the plant and is used as an insect repellent.
Tobacco has very short, sticky fibers originally cultivated in South America, but today it can be grown worldwide. This plant has a straight root that reaches a height of 40 to 60 centimeters depending on the climatic conditions.
Tobacco leaves are relatively large have no petioles and are heart-shaped, egg-shaped, Lancelot, curved (the middle of the leaf is curved), or straight. The flowers of this plant are male and female and tubular and will be divided into 5 sharp parts. The fruit of tobacco is an oval capsule that contains a seed or seed. The seeds are very small and more or less oval, and their color is dark red. If the seeds are stored in proper conditions, they will maintain their germination capacity for up to 1 year.
How to Plant Tobacco Seeds
Tobacco grows in a wide range of climates but requires a frost-free period of 90 to 120 days from planting to the last leaf harvest. The average daily temperature for growth is between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius. A dry period is necessary for the leaves to ripen and be harvested. Heavy rainfall causes the leaves to become thin and light.
Tobacco is an annual plant, so you have to plant tobacco seeds every year. It takes at least 7 months from seed to maturity. Sow tobacco seeds in a seed tray or other container about 8 weeks before the last frost. Remember that the first frost in autumn, when the temperature drops below -5 degrees Celsius, will kill the plant. So if you are in a cold region, be sure to sow tobacco seeds indoors and move the seedlings to the main ground.
Tobacco seeds are tiny. So they should be sown shallowly. The soil in which you plant tobacco seeds should contain nitrates, phosphorus, and potassium. Sprinkle the seeds on the soil. Do not press them down or cover the seeds with soil. Spray them with water, cover them with clear plastic wrap, and place the container in a warm, sunny location at room temperature. Germination will begin after 6–14 days.
When the seedlings have developed their first true leaves, they are ready to be transplanted to a larger container. Place them in a warm, sunny location and water regularly.
When the seedlings are 15 cm tall, you can plant them outdoors. Just make sure that the risk of spring frosts has passed, then plant the seedlings in a sunny spot in your garden.
When planting tobacco seeds, leave a distance of 10 cm between them and thin them out after they have grown so that there is at least 60 cm between plants and 90 cm between rows. Add some manure or compost and work them well into the soil.
Tobacco Storage Conditions:
Light requirements for tobacco: Note that tobacco needs light to grow, and if it cannot receive the light it needs during the day, it will gradually wither. For this reason, the best place to place a pot containing a tobacco plant is a southern window.
How to fertilize tobacco: Note that the tobacco plant has a high need for nutrients, so after transferring it to a large pot or garden, in addition to using compost in the soil mixture, do not neglect to periodically feed it with nitrogen and potash fertilizers.
How to water tobacco: If your area has a drought, you should install an irrigation system. This will prevent the soil from drying out too much, as it prevents tobacco from growing. After it rains, use less water. The structure of the leaves of tobacco plants is such that it collects water at the base of the plant.
Suitable soil for tobacco: Tobacco is a very hardy plant that grows in any type of soil. Light, sandy, and loamy soils that have good drainage are suitable for growing this plant.
Tobacco Storage Conditions
Suitable soil: This plant needs light, sandy, and loamy soils that have good drainage to grow.
Required temperature: 15 to 30 degrees Celsius
Watering rate: Nebaco needs moderate and regular watering and should be watered 3 to 4 times a week.
Suitable light: This tree needs full, direct sunlight to grow.
To export your seeds from Brazil to Iran, you can contact Atra Atlas International Holding.